ASSIGNMENT 3, week 7
Directions: The Tlingit (pronounced /klɪŋkɨt/ or /tlɪŋɡɨt) native people lived in the area this book takes place. Learn more about the setting of the book.
Search on the internet to find answers to the questions below. Post the link (should be an English website). Try to find another link than the people who posted before you.
1. Where were the Tlingit people located and what provided them protection?
2. What animals were important to these communities?
3. What was the climate like in this region?
4. Why is the bear the most sacred animal to these people?
5. Describe the crest that a Tlingit person receives and what it represents.
my answers:
ReplyDelete1. Tlingit people have always lived on scared and wondrous lands and waters of Southern Alaska as the original occupants an guardians.
2. The most important animals were bears, deer, mountain gots, and birds. They were especially important for food.
3. Temperate climate
4. There is a legend which is going about a man and a bear. I think because of this legend the bear is the most sacred to the Tlingit people. It gives also a link to the book. The story was too long to post so you can read the whole story at the website(end of comment) . personally I find it a beautiful story.
A Tlingit Legend
An old man living in Alaska had lost all of his friends and family, and he felt sad to think that he was left alone. He began to wonder whether he should leave and start a new life in another village. But he worried, "If I paddle away to another village and the people there see that I am alone, they may think that I've run away from my own village because I was accused of some disgraceful thing." Instead, he thought that he would go off by himself into the forest.
While this man was traveling along the woods the thought occurred to him to go to the bears and let the bears kill him. The village was at the mouth of a large salmon creek, so he went over to the creek early in the morning until he found a bear trail and lay down across the end of it. He thought that when the bears came out along this trail they would find and kill him.
By and by, as he lay there, he heard the bushes breaking and saw a large number of grizzly bears coming along. The largest bear led the rest, and the tips of his hairs were white. Then the old man became frightened. He suddenly realized he did not want to die a hard death and imagined himself being torn to pieces among the bears. So when the leading bear came up to him, he stood up and announced: "I have come to invite you to a feast."
At that the bear's fur stood straight up, and the old man thought that he was done for, but he spoke again saying, "I have come to invite you to a feast, but if you are going to kill me, I am willing to die. I am alone. I have lost all of my family, my property, and my friends.".............(read here more: http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Legends/InvitingtheBears-Tlingit.html)
the last part I find an important part, because this is more or lees the reason why the bear is a sacred animal:
It was on account of this adventure that henceforth the old people, whenever they killed a grizzly bear, would paint stripes across its skin. Also, when they gave a feast, no matter if a person were their enemy, they would invite him to the feast and become friends just as this old man did with the bears.
5. The Tlingit used animal emblems as crests to identify the different social divisions among their society. Crests included, for example, land animals (Bear, Wolf), sea animals (Killer Whale, Halibut, Shark), birds (Eagle, Thunderbird, Owl), as well as geographical features (Mountain, Iceberg), celestial bodies (Sun, Big Dipper, Moon) and natural materials (Copper, Clay, Yellow Cedar).
links:
http://www.snowwowl.com/peopletlingit1.html
http://www.vanishingtattoo.com/crest_tattoos_tlingit_haida.htm
http://www.maltwood.uvic.ca/nwcp/central/data/tlingit.html
http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Legends/InvitingtheBears-Tlingit.html (legend)
Evelien
1. Southeast Alaska was habitated by Tlingit people 11,000 years ago. However, the Haida people (a tinglit tribe)have only been in the area about 200 years, and the Tsimpsian tribe migrated only recently from the Canadian interior mainland. They lived near coast lines, lakes and mountains. So, maybe they thought that those things would give them protection (I couldn't find very much about it).
ReplyDelete2.deers, bears, mountain goats and other small mammals because they needed them for food and clothing. They didn't eat sea food because they thougth it would harm them mentally and physically.
3.It is different because in the south, it is cold and in the north, it is warm. So, it depends where they live.
4.The Tlingit people think that the grizzly bears (those are most commom in their region) are half human. Bears are sometimes regarded as figures that are created because the highly protective nature of female bears makes them seem like brilliant mothers.
Those are the sources I have used:
http://books.google.nl/books?id=Q9mZ6j5t-vYC&pg=PA60&dq=tlingit+people+bears&hl=nl&ei=gJpaTbjvF4qCOqH9obQL&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=tlingit%20people%20bears&f=false
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlingit_people
5 is still coming
derek
well, I don't want to copy what Evelien said but I agree with Evelien about 5 because I also read it just now on wikipedia and with this, I don't have to type that much.
ReplyDeletederek
and with 4, I found a different story than Evelien. I forgot to put it in so I will do it now.
ReplyDeleteThere was a man fishing at the beach and saw a man in the sky in heaven (so he looked all the way to heaven). The creature fell down and landed into the water, no one saw the man ever again, the tribe still think that it is now a monster in the lake that guards an entrance. The people he kills, become his slaves. Those people are turned into bears. So, that is why the bears are so important.
I didn't knew the whole story because I couldn't find the page anymore and I did it out of my head.
derek
Good input Derek and I also like your choice of a you tube video.
ReplyDeleteHi miss! I'm glad you're doing better now.. :)
ReplyDelete1) The Tlingit people lived in southern Alaska, as first nation people. Because they lived in southern alaska, we must 'assume' that the Tlingit people lived in quite a temperate climate, which Evelien already mentioned. For protection, they used animal skins. Mostely from deer. Weapons consisted of wooden sticks or stones.
2) The question depends on what kind of animals you mean. Important animals for food, for example, were fish, deers and birds. But mythical animals would be bears, eagles, turtles and even swines.
3) Most people assume temperate climate.
4) Since I think the story is a bit too long to copy and paste, I'll just put in the link: http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Legends/InvitingtheBears-Tlingit.html
5) The crests come from the time that humans and animals wre respected as equal. Nowadays, people get their own crest suiting their clans' crests. Each animal represtents something. The beaver, for example, represents a diligent spirit. Crests are\were mostely made out of wood, cut from the tree chosen by the 'reciever'. Or the crests are made out of a mixture consisting of clay from the river banks and earth.
Sources:
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0008026
http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Legends/InvitingtheBears-Tlingit.html
http://content.lib.washington.edu/aipnw/miller1.html#tsimshian
http://www.aaanativearts.com/article1047.html
Marieke
Hey, I wanted just to say something. It has nothing to do with this assignment but I have a problem. I dont know if anyone can help me but it is just that you know it. If I post my assignment it is on if I clos the tab and open it again, it is gone Í have tried it about 25 times but it always mysteriously disappears. I don't know if anyone of you has the same problem but it would be a miracle if this post would stay. It is just that you know my links could be the same as yours, because I have allready made it.
ReplyDeleteAisha
1. The Tlingit people were settled in the South-East Alaska.
ReplyDeleteAs protection, they wore armours which consisted of wooden rods/sticks bound together with leather belts. On their head they wore wooden hats and their faces were protected by masks which appeared to be different animals and had a frightening appearance. The weapons they carried were lances, bows, and pointed daggers.
(They lived in an area which had height difference and forests, this could've protected them in some way too)
2. The Tlingits valued all life forms equally (for example, animals and trees)
They also worshipped some animals as gods.(ravens and bears for instance)
For food, fish, goats, deer, (canoes were used to hunt) seals, sea lions and otters
3. The climate in South-Eastern Alaska is humid and temperate.
4. In Tlingit mythology, a bear its soul was thought to be (closely) related to that of a human being.It symbolized the relationships between humans and animals.
5. A crest was given to people and clans 'to identify the difference in social divisions'(as already mentioned)Tlingit people equalize the value of all life forms. (As mentioned before)So when a clan gets its identifying crest, the clan would be equally proud whether its a killer whale or a snail. There are no superior species.
Here are a few figures and its meaning:
Thunderbird - most powerful of all the spirits; it the personification of "chief."
Wolf - revered as a good hunter and associated with the special spiritual necessary to become a good hunter.
Killer Whale - legend says that whales could capture a canoe of people and drag it to an underwater village.
Here people would be transformed into whales.
Raven - A cultural hero of the Coast Indian peoples who had magical powers and could change himself into anything.
Grizzly Bear - here it represents the clan of the people who made the totem pole. Attributed with many human-like
qualities and much power
I found this story about the Raven, it doesn't really answer any of the questions, but it adds a little bit information - It clarifies the image of the Raven and it's a nice story overall.
(The Raven was a cultural hero, benefactor, trickster and rascal)
Gray Eagle had a beautiful daughter, and Raven fell in love with her. At that time Raven was a handsome young man.
He changed himself into a snow-white bird, and as a snow-white bird he pleased Gray Eagle's daughter. She invited him to her father's lodge.
When Raven saw the sun and the moon and the stars and fresh water hanging on the sides of Eagle's lodge, he knew what he had to do. He waited for his chance to seize them when no one was watching. He stole all of them, and a brand of fire also, and he flew out of the lodge though the smoke hole.
As soon as Raven got outside, he hung the sun up in the sky. It made so much light that he was able to fly far out to an island in the middle of the ocean. When the sun set, he fastened the moon up in the sky and hung the stars around in different places. By this new light he kept on flying, carrying with him the fresh water and the brand of fire he had stolen.
He flew back over land. When he had reached the right place, he dropped all the water he had stolen. It fell to the ground and there became the source of all the fresh-water streams and lakes in the world.
Then Raven flew on, holding the brand of fire in his bill. The smoke from the fire blew back over his white feathers and make them black. When his bill began to burn, he had to drop the firebrand. It struck the rocks and went into the rocks. That is why, if you strike two stones together, fire will drop out. Raven's feathers never became white again after they were blackened by the smoke from the firebrand. That is why Raven is now a black bird.
Jeannet
1. The tlingit people were settled in Southern Alaska and western Canada. They were for example protected by a mask. They also had the Shaman he protected the people against withcraft.
ReplyDelete2. Sea mammals, such as sea lions and sea otters, are used for food and clothing materials. In the forests near their homes, Tlingit hunted deer, bear, mountain goats and other small mammals.
3. They lived in a temperate rainforest on the south east alaska coast. So it was hot but it rained a lot.
4. The tlingits sacred the bear because this would show the relationship between the tlingits and the bear. They said that the bear was the animal, wich soul was most closely to the soul of the tlingits.
5. I think my answer is almost the same as that of evelien but I will try to tell something different. I think this is logical because this is the first link you get with google, but ok I will try. A crest was very important for the Tlingit people. They were now special because everyone had there own crest. The crest was most of the time a animal. The men had for example a bear and woman a sea mammal.
THE LINKS:
http://www.aaanativearts.com/article1047.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlingit_people
http://www.snowwowl.com/peopletlingit1.html
patrick
Lets see if this one lasts, here are my answers:
ReplyDelete1.Where were the Tlingit people located and what provided them protection: They live on the islands and coastal lands of southern Alaska from Yakutat Bay to Cape Fox. In periods of war the Tlingit people worked together and chose a leader for a period of time. I couldn't find much about protection but they lived close to nature and that probably provided protection.
2.What animals were important to these communities: They hunted deer, mountain goats, and birds. Some Tlingit bands, who lived further inland, relied more on big game like caribou and moose. I don't know if hey didn't eat sea food because on some sites they say that they did.
3. What is the climate in these regions: I
didn't find very much about the specific area but they lived on the coasts of Alaska which is clear but cold and with wind from the sea.
4.Why is the bear the most sacred animal to these people: I found on a sit that the bear is an important part of the art of Tlingit people I also read on a site a story that one of them represented the chief. I got from the book that they think bears are very wise and proud.
5.Describe the crest that a Tlingit person receives and what it represents: Clan crests and spirit designs are socially and spiritually important to the Tlingit. A crest depicted on an object identifies clan members and reinforces the kinship bonds among clan members. Crests are also considered to be sacred in that they embody the spirits of ancestors and unite them with their living clan members.
I didn’t put in my links because there could be a virus on them and that could be the reason why all my previous ones didn’t last. Now it might be easier to find other links as well. Also take a look at my video, it’s a bit boring but it won’t cut your appetite.
Aisha
1. Where were the Tlingit people located and what provided them protection?:
ReplyDeleteThe southern end of the Alaska coastline, a region known as Southeast Alaska, is home to the primary Tlingit communities. This area covers the narrow coastal strip of the continental shore along British Columbia; it is similar in size and shape to the state of Florida, but with few communities connected by road. Tlingit communities are located from just south of Ketchikan and are scattered northward across islands and mainland as far as the Icy Bay area. Tlingit people also occupy some inland area on the Canadian side of the border in British Columbia and the Yukon Territory. The mainland Tlingit of Alaska occupy a range of mountains from 50 to 100 miles inland. The northern portion of Tlingit country is glacial with the majesty of the Fairweather and Saint Elias mountains overlooking the northern shores of the Gulf of Alaska. Fjords, mountains that dive into the sea, islands, and ancient trees make up most of this wet country that is part of one of the largest temperate rain forests in the world. They had a lot of selfmade weapons and armor, so that they could protect themselfs and the area where they live help even more to protect them.
2. What animals were important to these communities?:
All things in nature needed to be treated and addressed respectfully. Thus hunting and fishing were also spiritual affairs. The souls of the animals sought are equal to our own. So hunters and fishers pray to the spirit of the animal they are seeking and explain why they are killing the animal. Hunters needed to be spiritually cleansed before hunting. The most important animals for food were bears, deer, mountain gots, and birds. The salmon and eulachon were especially important ot the Tlingit diet. The Tlingit moved to their particular resource areas when they were available. Eulachon are small fish rich in fat, a little bigger than herring. Salmon heads, eulachon, herring, seal blubber and mountain goats were all valuable for their fat. The fish were put in a large pot (often a canoe) into which hot rocks were put to boil the water and the fat was skimmed off. Salmon and halibut and some of the meats were smoked.
3. What was the climate like in this region?
Like it said in question 1, it was most likely a temperate climate.
4. Why is the bear the most sacred animal to these people?:
In the book, it already said that the bear was wise and proud, so that's most likely one of the reason they were important. I can't find more information about it..
5. Describe the crest that a Tlingit person receives and what it represents.
Crests that appear on clan objects are owned by their respective clans. Sergei Kan (1989, 69) who studied Tlingit memorial potlatches emphasized, "The most important symbols of the matrilineal group, as well as its most jealously guarded possessions, were its crests." He cited Emmons (1907, 347) who acknowledged that the crest is a birthright, as real as life itself. Halprin (1984, 17), who studied another Northwest Coast group, the Tsimshian who are culturally similar to the Tlingit, wrote that crests were acquired by the ancestors and held in perpetuity by their matrilineal descendants. Crests serve multiple purposes.
They identify a clan and its membership. They distinguish its clan members apart from others and define relationships to other Tlingit. Crests chronicle the origin or other supernatural and significant events in the history of the clan. They serve as title to the object on which it is placed and to the site and geographic region where the event occurred. They symbolize the special relationship a clan member has to the animal depicted on the crest.
http://www.maltwood.uvic.ca/nwcp/central/data/tlingit.html
http://www.everyculture.com/multi/Sr-Z/Tlingit.html#ixzz1EUxhtHcX
http://www.aaanativearts.com/article1047.html
Eda
I'm sorry, I couldn't post my comment because it could only have 4,096 signs. So I sent a word document to you.
ReplyDeleteYorin
Hi, i've tried several times to post it, but now it says that I can't post text longer than 4096 signs long, so I'll do it just like Yorin.
ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteHere are the answers to the questions. I’ve skipped question 4 because I was still working on that and I hadn’t got enough time to finish it today.
ReplyDeleteAnswers:
1. Tlingit are Canada Natives (American Indian) who traditionally live in the SE part of Canada and NW part of Canada. Tlingit are a "landless" tribe, however there are villages throughout SE Canada and many Tlingit live in the cities throughout Canada. Many Tlingit have relocated to the Vancouver area, and along the west coast of the Alaska and Canada.
2. All living things and many important non-living things were referred to by names as if they were alive, such as halibut hooks and canoes. All things in nature needed to be treated and addressed respectfully. Thus hunting and fishing were also spiritual affairs. The souls of the animals sought are equal to our own. So hunters and fishers pray to the spirit of the animal they are seeking and explain why they are killing the animal. Hunters needed to be spiritually cleansed before hunting. The most important animals for food were bears, deer, mountain gots, and birds. The salmon and eulachon were especially important ot the Tlingit diet. The Tlingit moved to their particular resource areas when they were available. Eulachon are small fish rich in fat, a little bigger than herring. Salmon heads, eulachon, herring, seal blubber and mountain goats were all valuable for their fat. The fish were put in a large pot (often a canoe) into which hot rocks were put to boil the water and the fat was skimmed off. Salmon and halibut and some of the meats were smoked.
3. I didn’t found much about which was the exact climate but because most Tlingit live in the north I assume that it is very cold and rainy. And so I agree with some others that Temperate climate is the answer.
5. The Tlingit people belong to one of two groups, which I will call moieties: the Raven or the Wolf. This set up marriage groups; one can marry only from the other moiety. The moieties were further broken down into clans and family lineages, both of which owned crests. Descent was through the mother. The death of a spouse entitled the widow or widower to marry the spouse's next closest relative of the same sex either of the same generation or the next generation. A man could marry his wife and her sisters or a woman her husband and his brother or nephew in his moiety. But very few women had more than one husband at the same time. Some crests from the Raven moiety are Raven, Owl, Whale, Frog and Sun; from the Wolf moiety are Eagle, Petrel, Wolf, Bear and Thunderbird. Property held by the families or clans could be transferred, including crests, songs, and territories. This could happen at marriages, during peace agreements, or could be taken in wars. (Poorly written) Any new displays of crests by hosts or guests at a potlatch required payment to witnesses. If the crest showed places, the display and gift acceptance legitimated territorial claims. The animals shown in the crests were referred to by kin names.
Links so far:
http://www.maltwood.uvic.ca/nwcp/central/data/tlingit.html
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Where_do_the_Tlingit_Indians_live
Sorry Miss, I couldn't find anything that hand't been said above...
ReplyDeleteYeah,
ReplyDeleteI couldn't realy find something new either.
1. Tlingit lived in the south-east part Alaska.
ReplyDeleteProperly purified persons could acquire spirit power for curing illnesses, for protection in warfare, for success in obtaining wealth, and for ceremonial prerogatives.
2. Bears, deers and mountain goates were the most important animals for them. These were important for food.
3. A temperate, maritime climate
4. http://www.native-languages.org/legends-bear.htm
Sources:
http://www.everyculture.com/North-America/Tlingit-Religion-and-Expressive-Culture.html
http://www.mnh.si.edu/arctic/features/croads/tlingit.html#tlingit
http://www.native-languages.org/legends-bear.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlingit
Zixton
1. Where were the Tlingit people located and what provided them protection?
ReplyDeleteThe Tlingit Indians are original people of the Pacific Northwest Coast. They live in southern Alaska and in British Columbia and the Yukon in Canada.
The Tlingit people believe Chilkat blankets, which were woven from cedar bark and mountain goat hair, provide them protection.
2. What animals were important to these communities?
For food:
The Tlingit Indians were fishing people. Tlingit men caught fish and sea mammals from their canoes. They also hunted deer, mountain goats, and birds. Some Tlingit bands, who lived further inland, relied more on big game like caribou and moose.
In their stories:
Story:
How Mosquitoes Came To Be:
Long ago there was a giant who loved to kill humans, eat their flesh, and drink their blood. He was especially fond of human hearts. "Unless we can get rid of this giant," people said, "none of us will be left," and they called a council to discuss ways and means. One man said, "I think I know how to kill the monster," and he went to the place where the giant had last been seen. There he lay down and pretended to be dead. Soon the giant came along. Seeing the man lying there, he said: "These humans are making it easy for me. Now I don't even have to catch and kill them; they die right on my trail, probably from fear of me!" The giant touched the body. "Ah, good," he said, "This one is still warm and fresh. What a tasty meal he'll make; I can't wait to roast his heart." The giant flung the man over his shoulder, and the man let his head hang down as if he were dead. Carrying the man home, the giant dropped him in the middle of the floor right near the fireplace. Then he saw that there was no firewood and went to get some. As soon as the monster had left, the man got up and grabbed the giant's huge shining knife. Just then the giant's son came in, bending low to enter. He was still small as giants go, and the man held the big knife to his throat. "Quick, tell me, where's your father's heart? Tell me or I'll slit your throat!" The giant's son was scared. He said: "My father's heart is in his left heel." Just then the giant's left foot appeared in the entrance, and the man swiftly plunged the knife into the heel. The monster screamed and fell down dead. Yet the giant still spoke. "Though I'm dead, though you killed me, I'm going to keep on eating you and all the other humans in the world forever!" "That's what you think!" said the man. "I'm about to make sure that you never eat anyone again." He cut the giant's body into pieces and burned each one in the fire. Then he took the ashes and threw them into the air for the winds to scatter. Instantly each of the particles turned into a mosquito. The cloud of ashes became a cloud of mosquitoes, and from their midst the man heard the giant's voice laughing, saying: "Yes, I'll eat you people until the end of time." And as the monster spoke, the man felt a sting, and a mosquito started sucking his blood, and then many mosquitoes stung him, and he began to scratch himself.
There are way more Tlingit stories about animals but I don't think the page is long enough to put them all. So I'll just put some titles:
- The Woman Who Married The Bear
- Inviting The Bears
- The Woman Who Married A Frog
- Natsilane
- Beaver and Porcupine
3. What was the climate like in this region?
ReplyDeleteIt is pretty cold in the areas where they lived. Because they lived in areas which were located in the North like Alaska and British Colombia.
4. Why is the bear the most sacred animal to these people?
Because there are pretty much legends about these animals as you can see in my answer for question 2. Especially the story of Invinting The Bears tells why bears are the most sacred animals for the Tlingit people.
5. Describe the crest that a Tlingit person receives and what it represents.
Crests that appear on clan objects are owned by their respective clans. Sergei Kan (1989, 69) who studied Tlingit memorial potlatches emphasized, "The most important symbols of the matrilineal group, as well as its most jealously guarded possessions, were its crests." He cited Emmons (1907, 347) who acknowledged that the crest is a birthright, as real as life itself. Halprin (1984, 17), who studied another Northwest Coast group, the Tsimshian who are culturally similar to the Tlingit, wrote that crests were acquired by the ancestors and held in perpetuity by their matrilineal descendants. Crests serve multiple purposes.
They identify a clan and its membership. They distinguish its clan members apart from others and define relationships to other Tlingit. Crests chronicle the origin or other supernatural and significant events in the history of the clan. They serve as title to the object on which it is placed and to the site and geographic region where the event occurred. They symbolize the special relationship a clan member has to the animal depicted on the crest.
I couldn't find any other thing than exactly the thing Eda had so actually I have got the same...
My apologies to Eda
Links:
http://www.bigorrin.org/tlingit_kids.htm
http://www.native-languages.org/tlingit-legends.htm
http://www.pyramidmesa.com/tling1.htm
http://www.aaanativearts.com/article1047.html
Yorin